Physical Intelligence Article 2025

3D Locomotion of Surface-Rolling Microrobots: A Trade-off between Hydrodynamic Wall and Gravitational Effects

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Empirical Inference, Physical Intelligence
Research Group Leader
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CELLnROLL
  • Research Scientist
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Physical Intelligence
Postdoctoral Researcher
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Physical Intelligence
Guest Researcher
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Synthetic microrobots have gained significant attention due to their potential in various applications in biomedicine and lab-on-a-chip technologies. As a fundamental requirement, microrobots must navigate in 3D, effectively counteracting gravity to execute their tasks. However, locomotion at small scales presents numerous counterintuitive behaviors, primarily governed by the interactions between the microrobot's body and its surrounding boundaries. In this study, the locomotion of surface-rolling microrobots is investigated in 3D, particularly focusing on their ability to climb walls. Through a combination of experiments and computational fluid dynamics analyzes, it is demonstrated that the influence of gravity plays a secondary role in enabling surface-rolling microrobots to climb walls. Instead, locomotion capability in 3D settings is primarily determined by interactions with surrounding boundaries. The fundamental principles of surface-rolling locomotion in 3D spaces is elucidated and a design strategy aimed at optimizing fluid flow for efficient propulsion in future applications is proposed.

Author(s): Park, Myungjin and Bozuyuk, Ugur and Yildiz, Erdost and Min, Hyeongho and Yoon, Jungwon and Sitti, Metin
Journal: Advanced Intelligent Systems
Volume: 7
Pages: 2500381
Year: 2025
Month: May
Day: 29
BibTeX Type: Article (article)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202500381
State: Published
URL: https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/aisy.202500381

BibTeX

@article{park20253d,
  title = {3D Locomotion of Surface-Rolling Microrobots: A Trade-off between Hydrodynamic Wall and Gravitational Effects},
  journal = {Advanced Intelligent Systems},
  abstract = {Synthetic microrobots have gained significant attention due to their potential in various applications in biomedicine and lab-on-a-chip technologies. As a fundamental requirement, microrobots must navigate in 3D, effectively counteracting gravity to execute their tasks. However, locomotion at small scales presents numerous counterintuitive behaviors, primarily governed by the interactions between the microrobot's body and its surrounding boundaries. In this study, the locomotion of surface-rolling microrobots is investigated in 3D, particularly focusing on their ability to climb walls. Through a combination of experiments and computational fluid dynamics analyzes, it is demonstrated that the influence of gravity plays a secondary role in enabling surface-rolling microrobots to climb walls. Instead, locomotion capability in 3D settings is primarily determined by interactions with surrounding boundaries. The fundamental principles of surface-rolling locomotion in 3D spaces is elucidated and a design strategy aimed at optimizing fluid flow for efficient propulsion in future applications is proposed.},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {2500381},
  month = may,
  year = {2025},
  author = {Park, Myungjin and Bozuyuk, Ugur and Yildiz, Erdost and Min, Hyeongho and Yoon, Jungwon and Sitti, Metin},
  doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202500381},
  url = {https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/aisy.202500381},
  month_numeric = {5}
}