Publications | Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems

2010

mms Straumal, B. B., Baretzky, B., Kogtenkova, O. A., Straumal, A. B., Sidorenko, A. S. Wetting of grain boundaries in Al by the solid Al3Mg2 phase In 45, pages: 2057-2061, Athens, Greek, 2010 (inproceedings)

Damping of near-adiabatic magnetization dynamics by excitations of electron-hole pairs

Seib, J., Steiauf, D., Fähnle, M.

In 200, Karlsruhe, Germany, 2010 (inproceedings)

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mms Seib, J., Steiauf, D., Fähnle, M. Damping of near-adiabatic magnetization dynamics by excitations of electron-hole pairs In 200, Karlsruhe, Germany, 2010 (inproceedings)

Comparison of linear and nonlinear buck converter models with varying compensator gain values for design optimization

Sattler, Michael, Lui, Yusi, Edrington, Chris S

In North American Power Symposium (NAPS), 2010, pages: 1-7, 2010 (inproceedings)

pi Sattler, Michael, Lui, Yusi, Edrington, Chris S Comparison of linear and nonlinear buck converter models with varying compensator gain values for design optimization In North American Power Symposium (NAPS), 2010, pages: 1-7, 2010 (inproceedings)

Optimality in Neuromuscular Systems

Theodorou, E. A., Valero-Cuevas, F.

In 32nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2010, clmc (inproceedings)

Abstract

Abstract? We provide an overview of optimal control meth- ods to nonlinear neuromuscular systems and discuss their lim- itations. Moreover we extend current optimal control methods to their application to neuromuscular models with realistically numerous musculotendons; as most prior work is limited to torque-driven systems. Recent work on computational motor control has explored the used of control theory and esti- mation as a conceptual tool to understand the underlying computational principles of neuromuscular systems. After all, successful biological systems regularly meet conditions for stability, robustness and performance for multiple classes of complex tasks. Among a variety of proposed control theory frameworks to explain this, stochastic optimal control has become a dominant framework to the point of being a standard computational technique to reproduce kinematic trajectories of reaching movements (see [12]) In particular, we demonstrate the application of optimal control to a neuromuscular model of the index finger with all seven musculotendons producing a tapping task. Our simu- lations include 1) a muscle model that includes force- length and force-velocity characteristics; 2) an anatomically plausible biomechanical model of the index finger that includes a tendi- nous network for the extensor mechanism and 3) a contact model that is based on a nonlinear spring-damper attached at the end effector of the index finger. We demonstrate that it is feasible to apply optimal control to systems with realistically large state vectors and conclude that, while optimal control is an adequate formalism to create computational models of neuro- musculoskeletal systems, there remain important challenges and limitations that need to be considered and overcome such as contact transitions, curse of dimensionality, and constraints on states and controls.

am Theodorou, E. A., Valero-Cuevas, F. Optimality in Neuromuscular Systems In 32nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2010, clmc (inproceedings)

Statics and dynamics of simple fluids on chemically patterned substrates

Dörfler, F.

Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany, 2010 (phdthesis)

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mms Dörfler, F. Statics and dynamics of simple fluids on chemically patterned substrates Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany, 2010 (phdthesis)

Magnetization reversal of Fe/Gd multilayers on self-assembled arrays of nanospheres

Amaladass, E., Eimüller, T., Ludescher, B., Tyliszczak, T., Schütz, G.

In 200, Glasgow, Scotland, 2010 (inproceedings)

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mms Amaladass, E., Eimüller, T., Ludescher, B., Tyliszczak, T., Schütz, G. Magnetization reversal of Fe/Gd multilayers on self-assembled arrays of nanospheres In 200, Glasgow, Scotland, 2010 (inproceedings)

Learning Policy Improvements with Path Integrals

Theodorou, E. A., Buchli, J., Schaal, S.

In International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS 2010), 2010, clmc (inproceedings)

Abstract

With the goal to generate more scalable algo- rithms with higher efficiency and fewer open parameters, reinforcement learning (RL) has recently moved towards combining classi- cal techniques from optimal control and dy- namic programming with modern learning techniques from statistical estimation the- ory. In this vein, this paper suggests the framework of stochastic optimal control with path integrals to derive a novel approach to RL with parametrized policies. While solidly grounded in value function estimation and optimal control based on the stochastic Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equations, policy improvements can be transformed into an approximation problem of a path inte- gral which has no open parameters other than the exploration noise. The resulting algorithm can be conceived of as model- based, semi-model-based, or even model free, depending on how the learning problem is structured. Our new algorithm demon- strates interesting similarities with previous RL research in the framework of proba- bility matching and provides intuition why the slightly heuristically motivated proba- bility matching approach can actually per- form well. Empirical evaluations demon- strate significant performance improvements over gradient-based policy learning and scal- ability to high-dimensional control problems. We believe that Policy Improvement with Path Integrals (PI2) offers currently one of the most efficient, numerically robust, and easy to implement algorithms for RL based on trajectory roll-outs.

am Theodorou, E. A., Buchli, J., Schaal, S. Learning Policy Improvements with Path Integrals In International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS 2010), 2010, clmc (inproceedings)

Learning optimal control solutions: a path integral approach

Theodorou, E., Schaal, S.

In Abstracts of Neural Control of Movement Conference (NCM 2010), Naples, Florida, 2010, 2010, clmc (inproceedings)

Abstract

Investigating principles of human motor control in the framework of optimal control has had a long tradition in neural control of movement, and has recently experienced a new surge of investigations. Ideally, optimal control problems are addresses as a reinforcement learning (RL) problem, which would allow to investigate both the process of acquiring an optimal control solution as well as the solution itself. Unfortunately, the applicability of RL to complex neural and biomechanics systems has been largely impossible so far due to the computational difficulties that arise in high dimensional continuous state-action spaces. As a way out, research has focussed on computing optimal control solutions based on iterative optimal control methods that are based on linear and quadratic approximations of dynamical models and cost functions. These methods require perfect knowledge of the dynamics and cost functions while they are based on gradient and Newton optimization schemes. Their applicability is also restricted to low dimensional problems due to problematic convergence in high dimensions. Moreover, the process of computing the optimal solution is removed from the learning process that might be plausible in biology. In this work, we present a new reinforcement learning method for learning optimal control solutions or motor control. This method, based on the framework of stochastic optimal control with path integrals, has a very solid theoretical foundation, while resulting in surprisingly simple learning algorithms. It is also possible to apply this approach without knowledge of the system model, and to use a wide variety of complex nonlinear cost functions for optimization. We illustrate the theoretical properties of this approach and its applicability to learning motor control tasks for reaching movements and locomotion studies. We discuss its applicability to learning desired trajectories, variable stiffness control (co-contraction), and parameterized control policies. We also investigate the applicability to signal dependent noise control systems. We believe that the suggested method offers one of the easiest to use approaches to learning optimal control suggested in the literature so far, which makes it ideally suited for computational investigations of biological motor control.

am Theodorou, E., Schaal, S. Learning optimal control solutions: a path integral approach In Abstracts of Neural Control of Movement Conference (NCM 2010), Naples, Florida, 2010, 2010, clmc (inproceedings)

Enhancing the performance of Bio-inspired adhesives

Chung, H., Glass, P., Sitti, M., Washburn, N. R.

In ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 240, 2010 (inproceedings)

pi Chung, H., Glass, P., Sitti, M., Washburn, N. R. Enhancing the performance of Bio-inspired adhesives In ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 240, 2010 (inproceedings)

Control performance simulation in the design of a flapping wing micro-aerial vehicle

Hines, L. L., Arabagi, V., Sitti, M.

In Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), 2010 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on, pages: 1090-1095, 2010 (inproceedings)

Project Page [BibTex]

pi Hines, L. L., Arabagi, V., Sitti, M. Control performance simulation in the design of a flapping wing micro-aerial vehicle In Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), 2010 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on, pages: 1090-1095, 2010 (inproceedings)

Project Page [BibTex]

Elektronentheorie der dissipativen Magnetisierungsdynamik: Anisotrope und nichtlokale Effekte

Seib, J.

Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, 2010 (phdthesis)

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mms Seib, J. Elektronentheorie der dissipativen Magnetisierungsdynamik: Anisotrope und nichtlokale Effekte Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, 2010 (phdthesis)

Untersuchung der Abhängigkeit des "Exchange Bias"-Effektes von grenzflächennahen Bahnmomentverteilungen mit Hilfe der resonanten magnetischen Röntgenreflektometrie

Audehm, P.

Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, 2010 (mastersthesis)

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mms Audehm, P. Untersuchung der Abhängigkeit des "Exchange Bias"-Effektes von grenzflächennahen Bahnmomentverteilungen mit Hilfe der resonanten magnetischen Röntgenreflektometrie Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, 2010 (mastersthesis)

Contact angles by the solid-phase grain boundary wetting (coverage) in the Co-Cu system

Straumal, B. B., Kogtenkova, O. A., Straumal, A. B., Kuchyeyev, Y. O., Baretzky, B.

In 45, pages: 4271-4275, Glasgow, Scotland, 2010 (inproceedings)

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mms Straumal, B. B., Kogtenkova, O. A., Straumal, A. B., Kuchyeyev, Y. O., Baretzky, B. Contact angles by the solid-phase grain boundary wetting (coverage) in the Co-Cu system In 45, pages: 4271-4275, Glasgow, Scotland, 2010 (inproceedings)

Entnetzung verspannter Filme

Reindl, A.

Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, 2010 (mastersthesis)

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mms Reindl, A. Entnetzung verspannter Filme Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, 2010 (mastersthesis)

Advanced ferromagnetic nanostructures

Goll, D.

Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, 2010 (phdthesis)

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mms Goll, D. Advanced ferromagnetic nanostructures Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, 2010 (phdthesis)

Wasserstoff in funktionellen Dünnschichtsystemen

Honert, J.

Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, 2010 (mastersthesis)

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mms Honert, J. Wasserstoff in funktionellen Dünnschichtsystemen Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, 2010 (mastersthesis)

Unusual super-ductility at room temperature in an ultrafine-grained aluminum alloy

Valiev, R. Z., Murashkin, M. Y., Kilmametov, A., Straumal, B., Chinh, N. Q., Langdon, T.

In 45, pages: 4718-4724, Seattle, WA, USA, 2010 (inproceedings)

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mms Valiev, R. Z., Murashkin, M. Y., Kilmametov, A., Straumal, B., Chinh, N. Q., Langdon, T. Unusual super-ductility at room temperature in an ultrafine-grained aluminum alloy In 45, pages: 4718-4724, Seattle, WA, USA, 2010 (inproceedings)

Demagnetization on the fs time-scale by the Elliott-Yafet mechanism

Steiauf, D., Illg, C., Fähnle, M.

In 200, Karlsruhe, Germany, 2010 (inproceedings)

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mms Steiauf, D., Illg, C., Fähnle, M. Demagnetization on the fs time-scale by the Elliott-Yafet mechanism In 200, Karlsruhe, Germany, 2010 (inproceedings)

Constrained Accelerations for Controlled Geometric Reduction: Sagittal-Plane Decoupling for Bipedal Locomotion

Gregg, R., Righetti, L., Buchli, J., Schaal, S.

In 2010 10th IEEE-RAS International Conference on Humanoid Robots, pages: 1-7, IEEE, Nashville, USA, 2010 (inproceedings)

Abstract

Energy-shaping control methods have produced strong theoretical results for asymptotically stable 3D bipedal dynamic walking in the literature. In particular, geometric controlled reduction exploits robot symmetries to control momentum conservation laws that decouple the sagittal-plane dynamics, which are easier to stabilize. However, the associated control laws require high-dimensional matrix inverses multiplied with complicated energy-shaping terms, often making these control theories difficult to apply to highly-redundant humanoid robots. This paper presents a first step towards the application of energy-shaping methods on real robots by casting controlled reduction into a framework of constrained accelerations for inverse dynamics control. By representing momentum conservation laws as constraints in acceleration space, we construct a general expression for desired joint accelerations that render the constraint surface invariant. By appropriately choosing an orthogonal projection, we show that the unconstrained (reduced) dynamics are decoupled from the constrained dynamics. Any acceleration-based controller can then be used to stabilize this planar subsystem, including passivity-based methods. The resulting control law is surprisingly simple and represents a practical way to employ control theoretic stability results in robotic platforms. Simulated walking of a 3D compass-gait biped show correspondence between the new and original controllers, and simulated motions of a 16-DOF humanoid demonstrate the applicability of this method.

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link (url) DOI [BibTex]

am mg Gregg, R., Righetti, L., Buchli, J., Schaal, S. Constrained Accelerations for Controlled Geometric Reduction: Sagittal-Plane Decoupling for Bipedal Locomotion In 2010 10th IEEE-RAS International Conference on Humanoid Robots, pages: 1-7, IEEE, Nashville, USA, 2010 (inproceedings)

link (url) DOI [BibTex]

Variable impedance control - a reinforcement learning approach

Buchli, J., Theodorou, E., Stulp, F., Schaal, S.

In Robotics Science and Systems (2010), Zaragoza, Spain, June 27-30, 2010, clmc (inproceedings)

Abstract

One of the hallmarks of the performance, versatility, and robustness of biological motor control is the ability to adapt the impedance of the overall biomechanical system to different task requirements and stochastic disturbances. A transfer of this principle to robotics is desirable, for instance to enable robots to work robustly and safely in everyday human environments. It is, however, not trivial to derive variable impedance controllers for practical high DOF robotic tasks. In this contribution, we accomplish such gain scheduling with a reinforcement learning approach algorithm, PI2 (Policy Improvement with Path Integrals). PI2 is a model-free, sampling based learning method derived from first principles of optimal control. The PI2 algorithm requires no tuning of algorithmic parameters besides the exploration noise. The designer can thus fully focus on cost function design to specify the task. From the viewpoint of robotics, a particular useful property of PI2 is that it can scale to problems of many DOFs, so that RL on real robotic systems becomes feasible. We sketch the PI2 algorithm and its theoretical properties, and how it is applied to gain scheduling. We evaluate our approach by presenting results on two different simulated robotic systems, a 3-DOF Phantom Premium Robot and a 6-DOF Kuka Lightweight Robot. We investigate tasks where the optimal strategy requires both tuning of the impedance of the end-effector, and tuning of a reference trajectory. The results show that we can use path integral based RL not only for planning but also to derive variable gain feedback controllers in realistic scenarios. Thus, the power of variable impedance control is made available to a wide variety of robotic systems and practical applications.

am Buchli, J., Theodorou, E., Stulp, F., Schaal, S. Variable impedance control - a reinforcement learning approach In Robotics Science and Systems (2010), Zaragoza, Spain, June 27-30, 2010, clmc (inproceedings)

Surface tension driven water strider robot using circular footpads

Ozcan, O., Wang, H., Taylor, J. D., Sitti, M.

In Robotics and Automation (ICRA), 2010 IEEE International Conference on, pages: 3799-3804, 2010 (inproceedings)

pi Ozcan, O., Wang, H., Taylor, J. D., Sitti, M. Surface tension driven water strider robot using circular footpads In Robotics and Automation (ICRA), 2010 IEEE International Conference on, pages: 3799-3804, 2010 (inproceedings)

Inverse dynamics with optimal distribution of ground reaction forces for legged robot

Righetti, L., Buchli, J., Mistry, M., Schaal, S.

In Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Climbing and Walking Robots (CLAWAR), pages: 580-587, Nagoya, Japan, sep 2010 (inproceedings)

Abstract

Contact interaction with the environment is crucial in the design of locomotion controllers for legged robots, to prevent slipping for example. Therefore, it is of great importance to be able to control the effects of the robots movements on the contact reaction forces. In this contribution, we extend a recent inverse dynamics algorithm for floating base robots to optimize the distribution of contact forces while achieving precise trajectory tracking. The resulting controller is algorithmically simple as compared to other approaches. Numerical simulations show that this result significantly increases the range of possible movements of a humanoid robot as compared to the previous inverse dynamics algorithm. We also present a simplification of the result where no inversion of the inertia matrix is needed which is particularly relevant for practical use on a real robot. Such an algorithm becomes interesting for agile locomotion of robots on difficult terrains where the contacts with the environment are critical, such as walking over rough or slippery terrain.

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am mg Righetti, L., Buchli, J., Mistry, M., Schaal, S. Inverse dynamics with optimal distribution of ground reaction forces for legged robot In Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Climbing and Walking Robots (CLAWAR), pages: 580-587, Nagoya, Japan, sep 2010 (inproceedings)

The X-ray microscopy beamline UE46-PGM2 at BESSY

Follath, R., Schmidt, J. S., Weigand, M., Fauth, K.

In 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation, 1234, pages: 323-326, AIP Conference Proceedings, American Institute of Physics, Melbourne, Australia, 2010 (inproceedings)

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mms Follath, R., Schmidt, J. S., Weigand, M., Fauth, K. The X-ray microscopy beamline UE46-PGM2 at BESSY In 10th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation, 1234, pages: 323-326, AIP Conference Proceedings, American Institute of Physics, Melbourne, Australia, 2010 (inproceedings)

2001

Variationsverfahren zur Untersuchung von Grundzustandseigenschaften des Ein-Band Hubbard-Modells

Eichhorn, J.

Biologische Kybernetik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden/Germany, May 2001 (diplomathesis)

Abstract

Using different modifications of a new variational approach, statical groundstate properties of the one-band Hubbard model such as energy and staggered magnetisation are calculated. By taking into account additional fluctuations, the method ist gradually improved so that a very good description of the energy in one and two dimensions can be achieved. After a detailed discussion of the application in one dimension, extensions for two dimensions are introduced. By use of a modified version of the variational ansatz in particular a description of the quantum phase transition for the magnetisation should be possible.

PostScript [BibTex]

2001

ei Eichhorn, J. Variationsverfahren zur Untersuchung von Grundzustandseigenschaften des Ein-Band Hubbard-Modells Biologische Kybernetik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden/Germany, May 2001 (diplomathesis)

PostScript [BibTex]

Unsupervised Segmentation and Classification of Mixtures of Markovian Sources

Seldin, Y., Bejerano, G., Tishby, N.

In The 33rd Symposium on the Interface of Computing Science and Statistics (Interface 2001 - Frontiers in Data Mining and Bioinformatics), pages: 1-15, 33rd Symposium on the Interface of Computing Science and Statistics (Interface - Frontiers in Data Mining and Bioinformatics), 2001 (inproceedings)

Abstract

We describe a novel algorithm for unsupervised segmentation of sequences into alternating Variable Memory Markov sources, first presented in [SBT01]. The algorithm is based on competitive learning between Markov models, when implemented as Prediction Suffix Trees [RST96] using the MDL principle. By applying a model clustering procedure, based on rate distortion theory combined with deterministic annealing, we obtain a hierarchical segmentation of sequences between alternating Markov sources. The method is applied successfully to unsupervised segmentation of multilingual texts into languages where it is able to infer correctly both the number of languages and the language switching points. When applied to protein sequence families (results of the [BSMT01] work), we demonstrate the methods ability to identify biologically meaningful sub-sequences within the proteins, which correspond to signatures of important functional sub-units called domains. Our approach to proteins classification (through the obtained signatures) is shown to have both conceptual and practical advantages over the currently used methods.

PDF Web [BibTex]

ei Seldin, Y., Bejerano, G., Tishby, N. Unsupervised Segmentation and Classification of Mixtures of Markovian Sources In The 33rd Symposium on the Interface of Computing Science and Statistics (Interface 2001 - Frontiers in Data Mining and Bioinformatics), pages: 1-15, 33rd Symposium on the Interface of Computing Science and Statistics (Interface - Frontiers in Data Mining and Bioinformatics), 2001 (inproceedings)

PDF Web [BibTex]

Unsupervised Sequence Segmentation by a Mixture of Switching Variable Memory Markov Sources

Seldin, Y., Bejerano, G., Tishby, N.

In In the proceeding of the 18th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML 2001), pages: 513-520, 18th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 2001 (inproceedings)

Abstract

We present a novel information theoretic algorithm for unsupervised segmentation of sequences into alternating Variable Memory Markov sources. The algorithm is based on competitive learning between Markov models, when implemented as Prediction Suffix Trees (Ron et al., 1996) using the MDL principle. By applying a model clustering procedure, based on rate distortion theory combined with deterministic annealing, we obtain a hierarchical segmentation of sequences between alternating Markov sources. The algorithm seems to be self regulated and automatically avoids over segmentation. The method is applied successfully to unsupervised segmentation of multilingual texts into languages where it is able to infer correctly both the number of languages and the language switching points. When applied to protein sequence families, we demonstrate the method‘s ability to identify biologically meaningful sub-sequences within the proteins, which correspond to important functional sub-units called domains.

ei Seldin, Y., Bejerano, G., Tishby, N. Unsupervised Sequence Segmentation by a Mixture of Switching Variable Memory Markov Sources In In the proceeding of the 18th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML 2001), pages: 513-520, 18th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 2001 (inproceedings)

Survey of nanomanipulation systems

Sitti, M.

In Nanotechnology, 2001. IEEE-NANO 2001. Proceedings of the 2001 1st IEEE Conference on, pages: 75-80, 2001 (inproceedings)

pi Sitti, M. Survey of nanomanipulation systems In Nanotechnology, 2001. IEEE-NANO 2001. Proceedings of the 2001 1st IEEE Conference on, pages: 75-80, 2001 (inproceedings)

Nanotribological characterization system by AFM based controlled pushing

Sitti, M.

In Nanotechnology, 2001. IEEE-NANO 2001. Proceedings of the 2001 1st IEEE Conference on, pages: 99-104, 2001 (inproceedings)

pi Sitti, M. Nanotribological characterization system by AFM based controlled pushing In Nanotechnology, 2001. IEEE-NANO 2001. Proceedings of the 2001 1st IEEE Conference on, pages: 99-104, 2001 (inproceedings)

Humanoid oculomotor control based on concepts of computational neuroscience

Shibata, T., Vijayakumar, S., Conradt, J., Schaal, S.

In Humanoids2001, Second IEEE-RAS International Conference on Humanoid Robots, 2001, clmc (inproceedings)

Abstract

Oculomotor control in a humanoid robot faces similar problems as biological oculomotor systems, i.e., the stabilization of gaze in face of unknown perturbations of the body, selective attention, the complexity of stereo vision and dealing with large information processing delays. In this paper, we suggest control circuits to realize three of the most basic oculomotor behaviors - the vestibulo-ocular and optokinetic reflex (VOR-OKR) for gaze stabilization, smooth pursuit for tracking moving objects, and saccades for overt visual attention. Each of these behaviors was derived from inspirations from computational neuroscience, which proves to be a viable strategy to explore novel control mechanisms for humanoid robotics. Our implementations on a humanoid robot demonstrate good performance of the oculomotor behaviors that appears natural and human-like.

am Shibata, T., Vijayakumar, S., Conradt, J., Schaal, S. Humanoid oculomotor control based on concepts of computational neuroscience In Humanoids2001, Second IEEE-RAS International Conference on Humanoid Robots, 2001, clmc (inproceedings)

Kritische Ströme über Kleinwinkelkorngrenzen in YBCO

Albrecht, J.

Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, 2001 (phdthesis)

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mms Albrecht, J. Kritische Ströme über Kleinwinkelkorngrenzen in YBCO Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, 2001 (phdthesis)

Von der elektronischen Struktur zum makroskopischen Verhalten: Eine Multi-Skalen Analyse der Plastizität

Kohlhammer, S.

Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, 2001 (phdthesis)

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mms Kohlhammer, S. Von der elektronischen Struktur zum makroskopischen Verhalten: Eine Multi-Skalen Analyse der Plastizität Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, 2001 (phdthesis)

Computational micromagnetism of magnetic structures and magnetization processes in thin plantelets and small particles

Kronmüller, H., Hertel, R.

In Magnetic Storage Sstems Beyond 2000, 41, pages: 345-362, Nato Science Series II: Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Rhodos, Greece, 2001 (inproceedings)

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mms Kronmüller, H., Hertel, R. Computational micromagnetism of magnetic structures and magnetization processes in thin plantelets and small particles In Magnetic Storage Sstems Beyond 2000, 41, pages: 345-362, Nato Science Series II: Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Rhodos, Greece, 2001 (inproceedings)

Hydrogen storage in mechanically treated single wall carbon nanotrubes

Haluska, M., Hulman, M., Hirscher, M., Becher, M., Roth, S., Stepanek, I., Bernier, P.

In Electronic Properties of Molecular Nanostructures: XV International Winterschool/Euroconference, 591, pages: 603-608, American Institute of Physics Conference Proceedings, AIP, Kirchberg [Austria], 2001 (inproceedings)

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mms Haluska, M., Hulman, M., Hirscher, M., Becher, M., Roth, S., Stepanek, I., Bernier, P. Hydrogen storage in mechanically treated single wall carbon nanotrubes In Electronic Properties of Molecular Nanostructures: XV International Winterschool/Euroconference, 591, pages: 603-608, American Institute of Physics Conference Proceedings, AIP, Kirchberg [Austria], 2001 (inproceedings)

Isotopic mass and lattice constant of Si and Ge: X-Ray standing wave measurements

Zegenhagen, J., Kazimirov, A., Cao, L. X., Konuma, M., Sozontov, E., Plachke, D., Carstanjen, H. D., Bilger, G., Haller, E., Kohn, V., Cardona, M.

In Proceedings of the 25th Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors, 87, pages: 125-127, Springer proceedings in physics, Springer, Osaka, Japan, 2001 (inproceedings)

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mms Zegenhagen, J., Kazimirov, A., Cao, L. X., Konuma, M., Sozontov, E., Plachke, D., Carstanjen, H. D., Bilger, G., Haller, E., Kohn, V., Cardona, M. Isotopic mass and lattice constant of Si and Ge: X-Ray standing wave measurements In Proceedings of the 25th Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors, 87, pages: 125-127, Springer proceedings in physics, Springer, Osaka, Japan, 2001 (inproceedings)

Positron Annihilation Studies on Stable and Undercooled Metal Melts at the Stuttgart Pelletron

Stoll, H., Siegle, A., Major, J.

In Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry, 576, pages: 749-752, AIP Conference Proceedings, Denton, Texas, USA, 2001 (inproceedings)

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mms Stoll, H., Siegle, A., Major, J. Positron Annihilation Studies on Stable and Undercooled Metal Melts at the Stuttgart Pelletron In Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry, 576, pages: 749-752, AIP Conference Proceedings, Denton, Texas, USA, 2001 (inproceedings)

Towards flapping wing control for a micromechanical flying insect

Yan, J., Wood, R. J., Avadhanula, S., Sitti, M., Fearing, R. S.

In Robotics and Automation, 2001. Proceedings 2001 ICRA. IEEE International Conference on, 4, pages: 3901-3908, 2001 (inproceedings)

pi Yan, J., Wood, R. J., Avadhanula, S., Sitti, M., Fearing, R. S. Towards flapping wing control for a micromechanical flying insect In Robotics and Automation, 2001. Proceedings 2001 ICRA. IEEE International Conference on, 4, pages: 3901-3908, 2001 (inproceedings)

Man-machine interface for micro/nano manipulation with an afm probe

Aruk, B., Hashimoto, H., Sitti, M.

In Nanotechnology, 2001. IEEE-NANO 2001. Proceedings of the 2001 1st IEEE Conference on, pages: 151-156, 2001 (inproceedings)

pi Aruk, B., Hashimoto, H., Sitti, M. Man-machine interface for micro/nano manipulation with an afm probe In Nanotechnology, 2001. IEEE-NANO 2001. Proceedings of the 2001 1st IEEE Conference on, pages: 151-156, 2001 (inproceedings)

Trajectory formation for imitation with nonlinear dynamical systems

Ijspeert, A., Nakanishi, J., Schaal, S.

In IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2001), pages: 752-757, Weilea, Hawaii, Oct.29-Nov.3, 2001, clmc (inproceedings)

Abstract

This article explores a new approach to learning by imitation and trajectory formation by representing movements as mixtures of nonlinear differential equations with well-defined attractor dynamics. An observed movement is approximated by finding a best fit of the mixture model to its data by a recursive least squares regression technique. In contrast to non-autonomous movement representations like splines, the resultant movement plan remains an autonomous set of nonlinear differential equations that forms a control policy which is robust to strong external perturbations and that can be modified by additional perceptual variables. This movement policy remains the same for a given target, regardless of the initial conditions, and can easily be re-used for new targets. We evaluate the trajectory formation system (TFS) in the context of a humanoid robot simulation that is part of the Virtual Trainer (VT) project, which aims at supervising rehabilitation exercises in stroke-patients. A typical rehabilitation exercise was collected with a Sarcos Sensuit, a device to record joint angular movement from human subjects, and approximated and reproduced with our imitation techniques. Our results demonstrate that multi-joint human movements can be encoded successfully, and that this system allows robust modifications of the movement policy through external variables.

am Ijspeert, A., Nakanishi, J., Schaal, S. Trajectory formation for imitation with nonlinear dynamical systems In IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2001), pages: 752-757, Weilea, Hawaii, Oct.29-Nov.3, 2001, clmc (inproceedings)

Real-time statistical learning for robotics and human augmentation

Schaal, S., Vijayakumar, S., D’Souza, A., Ijspeert, A., Nakanishi, J.

In International Symposium on Robotics Research, (Editors: Jarvis, R. A.;Zelinsky, A.), Lorne, Victoria, Austrialia Nov.9-12, 2001, clmc (inproceedings)

Abstract

Real-time modeling of complex nonlinear dynamic processes has become increasingly important in various areas of robotics and human augmentation. To address such problems, we have been developing special statistical learning methods that meet the demands of on-line learning, in particular the need for low computational complexity, rapid learning, and scalability to high-dimensional spaces. In this paper, we introduce a novel algorithm that possesses all the necessary properties by combining methods from probabilistic and nonparametric learning. We demonstrate the applicability of our methods for three different applications in humanoid robotics, i.e., the on-line learning of a full-body inverse dynamics model, an inverse kinematics model, and imitation learning. The latter application will also introduce a novel method to shape attractor landscapes of dynamical system by means of statis-tical learning.

am Schaal, S., Vijayakumar, S., D’Souza, A., Ijspeert, A., Nakanishi, J. Real-time statistical learning for robotics and human augmentation In International Symposium on Robotics Research, (Editors: Jarvis, R. A.;Zelinsky, A.), Lorne, Victoria, Austrialia Nov.9-12, 2001, clmc (inproceedings)

Submicrometer spatially resolved measurements of mechanical properties and correlation to microstructure and composition

Kunert, M., Baretzky, B., Baker, S. P., Mittemeijer, E. J.

In Fundamentals of Nanoindentation and Nanotribology II, 649, pages: Q3.2.1-Q3.2.6, Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, MRS, Boston, MA, USA, 2001 (inproceedings)

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mms Kunert, M., Baretzky, B., Baker, S. P., Mittemeijer, E. J. Submicrometer spatially resolved measurements of mechanical properties and correlation to microstructure and composition In Fundamentals of Nanoindentation and Nanotribology II, 649, pages: Q3.2.1-Q3.2.6, Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, MRS, Boston, MA, USA, 2001 (inproceedings)

The six-jump diffusion cycles in B2-compounds

Drautz, R., Meyer, B., Fähnle, M.

In Proceedings of DIMAT 2000, the Fifth International Conference on Diffusion in Materials, pages: 417-422, Defect and Diffusion Forum, Scitec Publications Ltd., Paris, France, 2001 (inproceedings)

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mms Drautz, R., Meyer, B., Fähnle, M. The six-jump diffusion cycles in B2-compounds In Proceedings of DIMAT 2000, the Fifth International Conference on Diffusion in Materials, pages: 417-422, Defect and Diffusion Forum, Scitec Publications Ltd., Paris, France, 2001 (inproceedings)

Ionic nitriding of austenitic and ferritic steel with the aid of a high aperture hall current accelerator

Straumal, B. B., Vershinin, N. F., Friesel, M., Ishenko, S. A., Gust, W.

In Diffusion in Materials DIMAT2000, 194, pages: 1457-1462, Defect and Diffusion Forum, Trans Tech, Paris, France, 2001 (inproceedings)

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mms Straumal, B. B., Vershinin, N. F., Friesel, M., Ishenko, S. A., Gust, W. Ionic nitriding of austenitic and ferritic steel with the aid of a high aperture hall current accelerator In Diffusion in Materials DIMAT2000, 194, pages: 1457-1462, Defect and Diffusion Forum, Trans Tech, Paris, France, 2001 (inproceedings)

Robust learning of arm trajectories through human demonstration

Billard, A., Schaal, S.

In IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2001), Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, Maui, Hawaii, Oct.29-Nov.3, 2001, clmc (inproceedings)

Abstract

We present a model, composed of hierarchy of artificial neural networks, for robot learning by demonstration. The model is implemented in a dynamic simulation of a 41 degrees of freedom humanoid for reproducing 3D human motion of the arm. Results show that the model requires few information about the desired trajectory and learns on-line the relevant features of movement. It can generalize across a small set of data to produce a qualitatively good reproduction of the demonstrated trajectory. Finally, it is shown that reproduction of the trajectory after learning is robust against perturbations.

am Billard, A., Schaal, S. Robust learning of arm trajectories through human demonstration In IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2001), Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, Maui, Hawaii, Oct.29-Nov.3, 2001, clmc (inproceedings)

Development of PZT and PZN-PT based unimorph actuators for micromechanical flapping mechanisms

Sitti, M., Campolo, D., Yan, J., Fearing, R. S.

In Robotics and Automation, 2001. Proceedings 2001 ICRA. IEEE International Conference on, 4, pages: 3839-3846, 2001 (inproceedings)

pi Sitti, M., Campolo, D., Yan, J., Fearing, R. S. Development of PZT and PZN-PT based unimorph actuators for micromechanical flapping mechanisms In Robotics and Automation, 2001. Proceedings 2001 ICRA. IEEE International Conference on, 4, pages: 3839-3846, 2001 (inproceedings)

Thorax Design and Wing Control for a Micromechanical Flying Insect

Yan, J, Ayadhanula, S, Sitti, M, Wood, RJ, Fearing, RS

In PROCEEDINGS OF THE ANNUAL ALLERTON CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATION CONTROL AND COMPUTING, 39(2):952-961, 2001 (inproceedings)

pi Yan, J, Ayadhanula, S, Sitti, M, Wood, RJ, Fearing, RS Thorax Design and Wing Control for a Micromechanical Flying Insect In PROCEEDINGS OF THE ANNUAL ALLERTON CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATION CONTROL AND COMPUTING, 39(2):952-961, 2001 (inproceedings)

Mikrostruktur und magnetische Eigenschaften nanokristalliner und nanostrukturierter Hochleistungsdauermagnete

Goll, D.

Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, 2001 (phdthesis)

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mms Goll, D. Mikrostruktur und magnetische Eigenschaften nanokristalliner und nanostrukturierter Hochleistungsdauermagnete Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, 2001 (phdthesis)

First proof of slow trapping of positronium in polymers by an Age-Momentum-Correlation (AMOC) experiment

Dauwe, C., Balcaen, N., van Waeyenberge, B., van Petegem, S., Stoll, H.

In Positron Annihilation. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Positron Annihilation, 363/365, pages: 254-256, Materials Science Forum, Trans Tech Publications Ltd., München, 2001 (inproceedings)

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mms Dauwe, C., Balcaen, N., van Waeyenberge, B., van Petegem, S., Stoll, H. First proof of slow trapping of positronium in polymers by an Age-Momentum-Correlation (AMOC) experiment In Positron Annihilation. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Positron Annihilation, 363/365, pages: 254-256, Materials Science Forum, Trans Tech Publications Ltd., München, 2001 (inproceedings)

Positron-age-momentum correlation

Stoll, H., Bandzuch, P., Siegle, A.

In Positron Annihilation: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Positron Annihilation, 363-365, pages: 547-551, Materials Science Forum, Trans Tech Publications Ltd., München, 2001 (inproceedings)

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mms Stoll, H., Bandzuch, P., Siegle, A. Positron-age-momentum correlation In Positron Annihilation: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Positron Annihilation, 363-365, pages: 547-551, Materials Science Forum, Trans Tech Publications Ltd., München, 2001 (inproceedings)

Nanocrystalline and nanostructured high-performance permanent magnets

Goll, D., Hadjipanayis, G. C., Kronmüller, H.

In Applications of Ferromagnetic and Optical Materials, Storage and Magnetoelectronics, 674, pages: U2.4.1-U2.4.12, Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, MRS, San Francisco, Calif., 2001 (inproceedings)

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mms Goll, D., Hadjipanayis, G. C., Kronmüller, H. Nanocrystalline and nanostructured high-performance permanent magnets In Applications of Ferromagnetic and Optical Materials, Storage and Magnetoelectronics, 674, pages: U2.4.1-U2.4.12, Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, MRS, San Francisco, Calif., 2001 (inproceedings)

Ion beam analysis with monolayer depth resolution using the electrostatic spectrometer at the MPI Stuttgart

Plachke, D., Blohm, G., Fischer, T., Khellaf, A., Kruse, O., Stoll, H., Carstanjen, H. D.

In Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Applications of Accelerators in Research and Industry, 576, pages: 458-462, American Institute of Physics Conference Proceedings, AIP, Denton, Texas, 2001 (inproceedings)

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mms Plachke, D., Blohm, G., Fischer, T., Khellaf, A., Kruse, O., Stoll, H., Carstanjen, H. D. Ion beam analysis with monolayer depth resolution using the electrostatic spectrometer at the MPI Stuttgart In Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Applications of Accelerators in Research and Industry, 576, pages: 458-462, American Institute of Physics Conference Proceedings, AIP, Denton, Texas, 2001 (inproceedings)